Improvement in the manufacture of clay pipes



G. D. 8u H. A. GOODRIGH.

MANUFAGTURB oF GLAY PIPEs.

Patented July 2, 1867.

Mo.4 wAs gleiten tuts utut llgffirr.y

GEORGE I). GOODlilCH ND VlzlOllAClil A. GOODRICH, OF JULIET, ILLINOIS.Letters .Patent No. .66,319,1Zatecl July 2, 186i'.

IMPROVEMENT IN IHli` MANUFAGTURE 0F CLAY PIPES.

TO ALL WHOMV IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that we, Gsoncn I). Goonnicrr and Homer A. Goonnrcn, of thecity of Joliet, in the county of Will, and State of Illinois, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Machinery for theManufacture of Clay Pipes; and we do hereby declare that the followingis a'full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being hadtothe accompanying drawings, making a part of this specification, inwhichv Figure 1 is a transverse section.

' Figure 2, an end view of the shaft and propelling-screw or beater.

Figure '3, a side view of the heals supporting the cutting-disk.

Figure 4 a top view of the same.

Figure 5, a bottom view of the same, with a portion of the disk.

Figure 6, a bottom view of the mould or die-by which the pipe is formed.

Figure 7, a bottomview of the table or removable board upon which thepipe is received,

Figure 8, a reverse view of the cutting-disk.

Figure 9, a side view of a pair of tongs used in removing the pipe.

Figure 10, a side view of the disk. i

Figure 11, a side view of a portion ofthe disk, and of the camsoperating therknife, and the knife enlarged; and

Figure12, a bottom view of the cams enlarged and showing the spring.

Like letters refer to the same partsin all of the figures.

The nature and object of our` invention consist in constructing amachine for the manufacture of clay pipe with'a horizontaltempering-mill, and a vertical tempering and expelling-mill, so'as totemper the clay properly without taking it to a high elevation, andrender the machinery more compact; in the construction and Ylocation ofa disk, to be supplied with cutters, so that when cutting it willdescend with the same motion as the pipe, to produce an even and squareout, andcut a large Vor e'ven'small pipe into desired lengths orsections, while the pipe is continuously made in a vertical position; insuspending such disk or wheel by weightedguides, adjusted with or to actin unison with the weights which support the pipe in the peculiar-construction of the knife or cutter, so that it can'be operated bystationary cams or inclines; in providing the guides with double-actingcams or inclinesythe arrangement of weights andl rests so that theweights Vwill increase in number on a single cord as the weight of thepipe increases; and in the several new combinations' hereinafter setforth and claimed.

To'enable others skilled in the Vart to make and use our invention andimproved machinery, we will proceed to describe its construction andoperation. y

The cylinders B and C are supported by a frame, A, constructed inany-convenient manner. The cylinder B is made of iron or other suitablematerial, and is about six feet in length, and in diameter tapers fromthree to two and one-half feet. .Thecylinder, or temperer and ejector C,is of the same diameter, and extends below B suiiiciently to allow the'dies' to have their upper extremities located jest below the lowerinternal line of B. Inside of the cylinder B abeater is placed, theshaft E of which is provided witharms or knives a, which temper the clayand at the same time carry it forward to C, by reason of the incline oftheir faces, they being set at an angle as shown; The shaft E issupported at the outer end by the head ofthe cylinder, and at the innerby the cross-bar The inner end of the shaft 4is provided with a. beater,F, cut into two parts, each being carried and setatl an angle with theshaft, substantially as shown in iig. 2. A shaft, N, which passesthrough a hollow shaft, 0, with a similarbeater, d', is placed in thecylinder C.' The hollow shaft O is also supplied with a series lofsimilar plates d d, so arranged in their curves and angles as to assistvin tempering the clay and force it downwards.A AThey rotate in adirection opposite to the beater d, s'o as to prevent as much aspossible the rotating ofthe pipe as it is forced through the dies, whichobject is also `aided by having the beater d so locatedthat theprincipalportion of its operation is above the lower internal line ofthe cylinder B. Cylinder C may be operated by a single shaft, but not aswell. '.l'othe'se shafts O and N are attached at the upper endsmitrewheels M and L, which are operated by the mitrewheels J land-K onthe shaft I, from which shaft a rotary motion is given to the shaft E bymeans of the pulleys G H and belt c. At the lower end of the cylinder Cthe die Q R is attached-the outer portion R by means of iianches andscrews or bolts, and the inner portion or cone by the bolt or screw andnut t' of the head P, which is permanently attached to the cross-rod orbar e. Opposite te the post C We attach to thc cylinder C an arm orpendanQS', aud equidistant between the two, on one side, a similar one,S, to which are attached guide-grooves, or they are cut into them asshown, and also into a head attached to the post C.. Into these groovesare fitted guide-.heads U, so as to play up and down. To theseguide-heads are attached guides or arms V, fitted to the groove s of thedisk T, which'they support. On the under side of the arms V adouble-acting cam, z', is placed, (tig. 12,) so as to approach nearly tothe disk and to L the shortest incline a spring, y', is fastened, thepoint of which approaches so near the disk that in operation it willcatch the heel t of the knives. The disk or cutting-wheel T is made ofiron or other suitable material, and

is about twofeet in diameter.. 'Its periphery isy provided with asquare-shouldered groove, which is about.onc

inch in width and'depth, in which the guide-arms V slide. On the underside, opposite to eachother, are placed brackets vg, which support theknives or cutters L. The knives or cutters h are about nine inches inlength, and cut with either edge. At the outer end a heel or projection,t, is turned upwards, by means of which, with the cams t', the cuttersare forced in, and also withdrawn. As the three supports of the disk arenot placed so as to be equidistant from each other, we attachside-supports r(iigs. 4 and 10) to thearms V, which are fitted to thegroove on the side opposite to the pendant S, and attach an arm orhandle, u,i(g. 10,) to the disk, by which it is turned on the guide-armsV and side-rods r. Directly and centrally beneath the die we placestandard l, `which passes through a cross-bar, Y, down into a har,- Z,near' the base A. This standard is provided with a turn-table or head,k, upon which the board X rests. This standard supports the pipe as itis being formed by means of a system of weights attached by the cords n.to the bar Z, which bar is tted into and slides in grooves made for itsreception in the posts B. These posts are made hollow, and the interioris provided with steps or ledges z, sothat weights will rest at dierentpoints in the post. The lower weights are made slightly-wedging,

or are chamfered-so as not to catch upon the ledges for the upper ones,and `they are strung upon a single cord, which is fastened to the lowerone p. Two weights for cach post will be found sufficient, and, as theweights descend7 each one will bc left upon its own ledge, while therope or cord will continue to pass through them until the last onereaches the bottom or the cord is taut. The upper ones o are madehollow,so thattheir weight can be increased or diminished as occasionmay require, by filling or vtaking out sand, lead, or other detachedsubstances. As the pipe increases in length it will increase in weight;so, as the standard Z descends with the bar Z, the detached weights willbe taken up on the cord n, and the'supporting weights increased. Theparticular adjustment of the weights to the siz'e and consequent weightof the pipe will be made by the loose orv detached weight or substancesin weight o. A carriage or endless carrier, D,is so vplaced below theboard X, that when the pipe is Acut audits whole weight falls upon theboard X, it will descend and rest upon such carrier; the foot is thenapplied to the treadle m, which. causes the standard to descend stillfurther, and withdraws the turn-table 7c from the board, when it isremoved with the section of pipe and another put in its place, when thefoot is removed, and it is carried up to its place to receive anothersection of pipe.l The same weight is used to balance the disk andcontrol it, as it is much heavier than the weight W, and is connectedwith the guide U of the post C by the eordf. The weights o are soadjusted and located that Lheweight of the pipe does not cause the lowerweights to reach them until the section is ready to be cut, and as theweight then raises them, the disk is relieved from the weight ot' o, andwill commence descending with the same motion as f the pipe or bar Z;and as soon as the entire `weight of the cut section comes'upon theboardX, it drops to the carriage or carrier, whilevtheI pins w preventthe disk from passing belowthe pendantsff; and when thc bar Z, with thestandard i', a'scends, the `disk will also ascendv to its originalposition,

In operation, the moistcned clay is placed in the hopper at D, when itis tempered and carried forward by 'the horizontal beater into thevertical one, which revolves in an opposite direction, so as tocounteract, as much y as possible, the rotary motion of the pipe as itpasses through the die. The rotary motion is also considerably checkedby placing the lower internal line ot the cylinder B below thelowestflanges of the vertical beater. The rotary motion of theperfectly-formed pipe is therefore slight. The pipe, it will be evident,is forced through the die continuously. Different-sized pipes are madein the same machine by changing the die Q R. As thc pipe is forcedthrough the die, it descends and strikes the board X,-,which at itshighest point is only supported by the light weights p p. As the boarddescends, the weights p come in contact with other weights resting uponledges similar to these shown, and so descends until the weights intheir ascent reach weight o. The'dstancc the pipe has now descendedbeing the length of the section, the disk will commence descending withthe same motion, when'the section must be cut, which is done by takinghold of handle u and rotating the disk half-way Q,

around, or accordingto the number ot' cutters. When the movement ot' thedisk is commenced, the heel t of the y;

'cutters will come in contact with'the cams or` inclines st', which willforce them forward through the pipe. When Vthe disk is rotated halfaround, the section will be cut, and the heels t of the cutters willcome in contact with ,t

the springs;l attached to the shorter side of the cam or incline, andthe cutters will be withdrawn at the same instant that-the cutting iscompleted, and leftl in position by a slight reverse motion. The sectionof pipe -is carried from the machine on the carrier D with the board Xas soon as released from the head lc, and; when 4 carried from themachine, is taken from the carrier by a pair of tongs, shownvat tig. 9,which is provided with i feet g, fitting the boards X, and carried anydesired distance. A large number of the boards X will he founddesirable. It is necessary to make clay pipe ot" large diametervertically, to prevent its collapsing, also to support it so that itwill neither stretch.n0r bilge, and to sc construct the support that itwill partake of the rotary -motion of the'pipe, which, to a greater orless degrce, is unavoidable, (and, -to a degree suicient to polish the 1pipe, desirably,) when made continuous by screw-beaters. The boards Xrevolve freely upon the mandrcls K of the standard, so that all of theseconditions are fully met in our improved machinery, by which clay pipesof a large diameter can be accurately and rapidly made.

We do not claim the cylinders and beaters broadly, as, taken separately,both have been before known and used; nor do we cla-im broadly the useoremployment of weights coming into play at several stages in the descentof a receiving-platform for the pipe, as the;l have been heretoforeknown and used in a cumbersome form, each weight having a. separate partor support and a separate cord; but whatwe claim as new, and as ourinvention, and desire to secure by Letters IPatent, is a 1. The grooveddisk T, when applied to a clay-pipe machine, and arranged to descendwhile cutting the pipe,.w.ith the same motion asthe pipe.

2. The combination of a suspended rotating disk or wheel, T, with one ormore cutters i.

3. The weighted guide-heads U, when provided with ai'ms V,'substantiallyas and for the purposes specified.

4. The two-edged knives or cutters'h, provided with the heel orprojection t.

5. The cams z', provided, with the spring j, substantially as and forthe purposes specified.

6. The combination and ,arrangement of the cams z' and springs j withthe cutters h, heel t, and rotating disk T. i l

7. The combination and arrangement of the guide-heads U with the weightso and W, substantially as specified. i

8. The arrangement of the Weights op upon a single cord, so as toincrease the weights as they ascend, substantially as specied.

9. The rests or ledges z, in combination with a series orA weightsincreasing in lateral dimensions, operated by a single cord,substantially as specified. i V

` 10. The arrangement and combination of thecross-bars Y Z, standard Z,-and mandrel k, with the cords n,

weights op, and ledges z, substantially as and for the purposesspecified. l

11. Tile combination and arrangement of a descending platform forreceiving vertical pipe, constructed and arranged substantially asspecified, with a rotating disk provided with cutters, anddescending-with the same motion as the platform while cutting,substantially as specified.

- GEORGE D. 'GOODRICIL H. A. 'GOODRICH Witnesses:

W. W. STEVENS, T. S. HARRIS.

